Identification de souches de Rhizobium efficientes pour améliorer la fertilité des sols oasiens

Oumaima Chaieb; Souhir Abdelkrim; Wael  Taamalli; Khediri Mannai; Fatma  Souissi; Moez Jebara; Salwa Harzalli Jebara

doi:10.56027/JOASD.292024

Authors

Oumaima Chaieb
Souhir Abdelkrim
Wael Taamalli Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, BP 382, 9000 Béja, Tunisie
Khediri Mannai
Fatma Souissi
Moez Jebara
Salwa Harzalli Jebara Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56027/JOASD.292024

Keywords:

Fertility, faba bean, inoculation, oasis, PGPR, Rhizobium

Abstract

Oases are among the most productive and fragile ecosystems in drylands, playing a vital role in the agricultural and socio-economic development of these regions since ancient times. Nevertheless, the oasis soils of Tunisia face several climatic and soil constraints. In this context, Rhizobium- faba bean (Vicia faba) symbiosis seems to be beneficial to improve the fertility of oasis soils. In this study, ten Rhizobium strains were isolated from the root nodules of Vicia faba grown on 12 oasis soils and were identified and screened in vitro for their plant growth promoting (PGP) activities. The 16S rDNA sequencing revealed three species represented by Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium pusense and Rhizobium laguerreae. These bacterial strains possess numerous PGP activities; in particular R. laguerreae strains Vf19 and Vf24 were able to tolerate abiotic stresses, to synthesize indoleacetic acid and were siderophore producers. A pot experiment was carried out in a greenhouse to study the potential of R. laguerreae strains Vf19 and Vf24 in the soil from Ibn Chabbat oasis, Tozeur. Results showed a high symbiotic efficiency of R. laguerreae Vf19, which significantly improved faba bean growth and nodules number. In addition, inoculation with the same strain significantly increased soil total nitrogen content by 50%, compared to the uninoculated soil. This study revealed the great potential of the strain R. laguerreae Vf19 as an effective biofertilizer to enhance soil nitrogen content and to improve faba bean growth in oases.

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