Effectiveness of chemical insecticides and entomopathogenic fungi Lecanicillium muscarium against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) infesting geothermal crops in southern Tunisia

Sabrine Chouikhi; Besma Assadi; Refki Ettaib; Kaouther  Lebdi Grissa; Mohamed Sadok Belkadhi

doi:10.56027/JOASD.022023

Authors

Sabrine Chouikhi
Besma Assadi
Refki Ettaib
Kaouther Lebdi Grissa
Mohamed Sadok Belkadhi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56027/JOASD.022023

Keywords:

Bemisia tabaci, insecticides, entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium muscarium

Abstract

The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most serious pests of protected and geothermal crops. To improve control of B. tabaci, we studied the efficacy of a group of chemical insecticides and a biological product based on an entomopathogenic fungus, offering a diversity of modes of action and innovative activity pathways. The results showed that these treatments were effective in reducing the development stages of B. tabaci. L. muscarium caused a significant reduction of the different developmental stages of B. tabaci with a percentage varying between 57.87 and 79.69 %. Egg and larvae reduction percentages were above 60% for Imidacloprid, Pyriproxyfen, Pyrethrinoids, Sulfoxaflor, and Imidacloprid + lambda-cyhalothrin. These treatments can be used as part of an integrated control program against whiteflies associated with crops in geothermal greenhouses in southern Tunisia.

References

Abbott, W. S. (1925). A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology 18, 265-267.

Ahmad, M., Arif, M. I., Ahmad, Z., and Denholm, I. (2002). Cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) resistance to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides in Pakistan. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science 58, 203-208.

Ali, S., Zhang, C., Wang, Z., Wang, X.-M., Wu, J.-H., Cuthbertson, A. G., Shao, Z., and Qiu, B.-L. (2017). Toxicological and biochemical basis of synergism between the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium and the insecticide matrine against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Scientific reports 7, 1-14.

Babcock, J. M., Gerwick, C. B., Huang, J. X., Loso, M. R., Nakamura, G., Nolting, S. P., Rogers, R. B., Sparks, T. C., Thomas, J., and Watson, G. B. (2011). Biological characterization of sulfoxaflor, a novel insecticide. Pest management science 67, 328-334.

Basit, M., Saeed, S., Saleem, M. A., and Sayyed, A. H. (2013). Can resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) be overcome with mixtures of neonicotinoids and insect growth regulators? Crop Protection 44, 135-141.

Bass, C., Denholm, I., Williamson, M. S., and Nauen, R. (2015). The global status of insect resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 121, 78-87.

Bel Kadhi, M. S. (2004). Etude bioécologique de Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) dans les serres géothermiques du sud tunisien. Possibilité de son contrôle biologique au moyen de parasitoïdes indigènes, Paul Cezanne Aix-Marseille.

Brown, J. K., and Czosnek, H. (2002). Whitefly transmission of plant viruses.

Byrne, D. N. (1999). Migration and dispersal by the sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci. Agricultural and forest meteorology 97, 309-316.

Chermiti, B. (1997). Sur la présence en Tunisie des Biotypes B et non B de Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) et de leurs parasitoïdes associés. Bull IOBC-SROP 20, 108-113.

Cuthbertson, A. G., Walters, K. F. A., and Northing, P. (2005). The susceptibility of immature stages of Bemisia tabaci to the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium on tomato and verbena foliage. Mycopathologia 159, 23–29.

Down, R. E., Cuthbertson, A. G. S., Mathers, J. J., and Walters, K. F. A. (2009). Dissemination of the entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium longisporum and L. muscarium, by the predatory bug, Orius laevigatus, to provide concurrent control of Myzus persicae, Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci. Biological Control 50 (2), 172-178.

Erdogan, C., Moores, G. D., Gurkan, M. O., Gorman, K. J., and Denholm, I. (2008). Insecticide resistance and biotype status of populations of the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Turkey. Crop Protection 27, 600-605.

Fernández, E., Grávalos, C., Haro, P. J., Cifuentes, D., and Bielza, P. (2009). Insecticide resistance status of Bemisia tabaci Q‐biotype in south‐eastern Spain. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science 65, 885-891.

Gindin, G., Geschtovt, N. U., Raccah, B., and Barash, I. (2000). Pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii to different developmental stages of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentfolii. Phytoparasitica 28, 229–239.

Golmohammadi, G., Hosseini-Gharalari, A., Fassihi, M., and Arbabtafti, R. (2014). Efficacy of one botanical and three synthetic insecticides against silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) on cucumber plants in the field. Journal of Crop Protection 3, 435-441.

Horowitz, A. R., Kontsedalov, S., Khasdan, V., and Ishaaya, I. (2005). Biotypes B and Q of Bemisia tabaci and their relevance to neonicotinoid and pyriproxyfen resistance. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology: Published in Collaboration with the Entomological Society of America 58, 216-225.

Jeschke, P., and Nauen, R. (2008). Neonicotinoids—from zero to hero in insecticide chemistry. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science 64, 1084-1098.

Jones, D. R. (2003). Plant viruses transmitted by whiteflies. European journal of plant pathology 109, 195-219.

Lazreg, F., Huang, Z., Ali, S., and Ren, S. (2009). Effect of Lecanicillium muscarium on Eretmocerus sp. nr. furuhashii (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Journal of pest science 82, 27-32.

Longhurst, C., Babcock, J. M., Denholm, I., Gorman, K., Thomas, J. D., and Sparks, T. C. (2013). Cross‐resistance relationships of the sulfoximine insecticide sulfoxaflor with neonicotinoids and other insecticides in the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Pest management science 69, 809-813.

Nauen, R., and Denholm, I. (2005). Resistance of insect pests to neonicotinoid insecticides: current status and future prospects. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology: Published in Collaboration with the Entomological Society of America 58, 200-215.

Nauen, R., Ghanim, M., and Ishaaya, I. (2014). Whitefly Special Issue organized in two parts. Pest management science 70, 1438-1439.

Nauen, R., Jeschke, P., Velten, R., Beck, M. E., Ebbinghaus‐Kintscher, U., Thielert, W., Wölfel, K., Haas, M., Kunz, K., and Raupach, G. (2015). Flupyradifurone: a brief profile of a new butenolide insecticide. Pest management science 71, 850-862.

Oliveira, M., Henneberry, T. e., and Anderson, P. (2001). History, current status, and collaborative research projects for Bemisia tabaci. Crop protection 20, 709-723.

Palumbo, J. C., Horowitz, A., and Prabhaker, N. (2001). Insecticidal control and resistance management for Bemisia tabaci. Crop protection 20, 739-765.

Perring, T. M. (2001). The Bemisia tabaci species complex. Crop protection 20, 725-737.

Roditakis, E., Stavrakaki, M., Grispou, M., Achimastou, A., Van Waetermeulen, X., Nauen, R., and Tsagkarakou, A. (2017). Flupyradifurone effectively manages whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato. Pest management science 73, 1574-1584.

Sarr, M., Badiane, D., and Sane, B. (2016 ). Evaluation de l’efficacité de nouveaux programmes de protection phytosanitaire contre les principaux ravageurs du cotonnier Gossypium hirsutum L. au Sénégal. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci 10(5), 2163-2174.

Sohrabi, F., Shishehbor, P., Saber, M., and Mosaddegh, M. (2011). Lethal and sublethal effects of buprofezin and imidacloprid on Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Crop Protection 30, 1190-1195.

Toscano, N. C., Prabhaker, N., Castle, S. J., and Henneberry, T. J. (2001). Inter-regional differences in baseline toxicity of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to the two insect growth regulators, buprofezin and pyriproxyfen. Journal of economic entomology 94, 1538-1546.

Wang, L., Huang, J., You, M., and Liu, B. (2004). Time‐dose‐mortality modelling and virulence indices for six strains of Verticillium lecanii against sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Journal of Applied Entomology 128, 494-500.

Wang, W., Wang, S., Han, G., Du, Y., and Wang, J. (2017). Lack of cross-resistance between neonicotinoids and sulfoxaflor in field strains of Q-biotype of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, from eastern China. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 136, 46-51.

Wang, Z., Yan, H., Yang, Y., and Wu, Y. (2010). Biotype and insecticide resistance status of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci from China. Pest Manag Sci 66, 1360-6.

Zhu, Y., Loso, M. R., Watson, G. B., Sparks, T. C., Rogers, R. B., Huang, J. X., Gerwick, B. C., Babcock, J. M., Kelley, D., and Hegde, V. B. (2011). Discovery and characterization of sulfoxaflor, a novel insecticide targeting sap-feeding pests. Journal of Agricultural and Food chemistry 59, 2950-2957.