Water Productivity in Mediterranean Regions: A 2002–2025 Bibliometric Analysis

Latifa Dhaouadi; Bilel Abdelkarim; Sihem Maachia; Boutheina Zougari; Fatma Wassar; Asma Bouadidi

doi:10.56027/JOASD.092026

Authors

Latifa Dhaouadi Regional Research center for oasis Agriculture, Degueche Tozeur, Tunisia
Bilel Abdelkarim Institute of Earth Sciences, Pole of University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710‑057 Braga, Portugal
Sihem Maachia Regional Research center for oasis Agriculture, Degueche Tozeur, Tunisia
Boutheina Zougari Regional Research center for oasis Agriculture, Degueche Tozeur, Tunisia
Fatma Wassar Laboratory of Eremology and Combating Desertification, IRA , Tunisia
Asma Bouadidi Regional Research center for oasis Agriculture, Degueche Tozeur, Tunisia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56027/JOASD.092026

Keywords:

Water-use efficiency, Bibliometric analysis, Water scarcity, Sustainable irrigation, Climate resilience, Mediterranean agriculture, VOSviewer

Abstract

Water productivity, linking water use efficiency to crop yield, ecosystem sustainability, and climate resilience, is increasingly critical in Mediterranean regions facing severe water scarcity. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of water productivity research from 2002 to 2025 using the Scopus database and VOSviewer network mapping. We analyzed publication trends, leading countries, institutions, authors, subject areas, keyword co-occurrence, and citation patterns among the most influential journals to reveal the intellectual structure and evolution of the field. Results show a steady increase in research output, with Spain, Italy, and as top contributors. Environmental and agricultural sciences dominate, reflecting the integration of hydrology, agronomy, and technological innovation. Three main thematic clusters emerged: (i) basin- and ecosystem-scale hydro-biogeochemical processes, (ii) crop-level physiological optimization under water stress, and (iii) soil water conservation and decision-support frameworks. Gaps remain in socio-economic integration, policy application, and smallholder inclusion, emphasizing the need for transdisciplinary, climate-adaptive strategies. This study provides a roadmap for sustainable water management and agricultural resilience in water-limited regions.

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